Genetic Engineering The Technique Of Producing...

Acknowledgement I would like to thank my ENSC 105 professor Martin Behr for his continued guidance in completing this paper and heloping me improve it. I would also like to thank my ENSC 105 group for their help in improving and reviewing this paper. Finally I would like to thank Abdul Ahad Memon for proof reading my paper. Abstract Genetic engineering is the technique of producing recombinant hybrid DNA by combining two different strands of DNA. The fundamental concept of genetic engineering is gene cloning; the technique of altering the genetic structure of an organism. Gene cloning has four basic processes, namely cutting : the process of isolating the required starnd of DNA, modification : the process of altering the ends of the strand so that they could be attached to another strand, ligation : aligning the strands in order, and transformation : the process of inserting the modifed molecule in the host organism or cell. Genetic engineering has widespread applications; it is most extensively used in agriculture and medicine. In agriculture to produce high yielding and disease resistant crops and animals; and in medicine it is used to cure hereditary diseases, produce synthetic enzymes and hormones, and for acute diagnosis; treatments are both prenatal and post natal. It has many other uses from biological de tergents to saving endangered species and even resurrect species that are extinct. Despite advancements in the field and its endless possibilities it is surroundedShow MoreRelatedLas 432 Research Paper: Gmos20901 Words   |  84 Pagesrecent years the processes and uses for GMOs has increased while removing some of the ‘natural’ aspects of it. In times of the past, farmers would take the pollen from one plant and cross pollinate that with that of another plant to create a hybrid of the two plants to have traits from both. This was often done to create a stronger plant or one that would yield larger or more fruit. The process was one that was not an exact science and often would result in â€Å"happy accidents† or nothing at all.

William Shakespeare s Merchant Of Venice - 988 Words

As I finished reading Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare, I realized that the struggle of the play gyrates around whether justice is truly served and is morality advocated or manipulated by those in authority. The struggle between the principles of justice have caused many readers to question the interaction between the definition of morality and justice. The bond that causes readers to take a closer look throughout the play originates from Shylock’s desire for vengeance and Antonio’s desire to support his friend. As Antonio is desperate to help Bassanio in the name of love, he does not hesitate to ask he’s revile, â€Å"If thou wilt lead this money, lead it not as to thy friends†¦ but lend it rather to thine enemy, who if he break, thou mayst with better face extract the penalty† (1.3.129). Antonio being aware that Shylock is not a friend uses his unworthiness to give him the loan. As a result Shylock uses this opportunity to his advantage by implying the term of the transaction is not a big deal: If he should break his day, what sound I gain by the exaction of the forfeiture? A pound of man’s flesh, taken from a man, is not so estimable, profitable neither†¦I say, to buy his favor† (1.3.160). Shylock suggests that his request is a demonstration of a compassionate act, denying his true purpose of possible retaliation. The flesh has no financial value, however for Shylock this is a revenge against an individual who has done him wrong and his people in the past. In the endShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare s comedy The Merchant of Venice uses contrasting religions to draw out major themes through the ethnic divides that are exemplified. The play expresses the extreme cultural divide between the Jews and Christians through a legal contract between two men. The rivalry between the two men, Shylock and Antonio is clear from the beginning of the play and only intensifies as it continues on. Modern day readers most likely take away a slightly different message from the play than whatRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1320 Words   |  6 Pagesghetto, and were treated as inferior to the rest of the city. William Shakespeare’s play The Merchant of Venice exhibits the prejudicial attitudes of his era. Antonio, a Christian merchant, makes a deal with Shylock, a Jewish moneylender. Shylock uses it as an opportunity to exact revenge by demanding a pound of Antonio’s flesh if he does not meet his end of the bargain. By pitting the majority of his characters against Shylock, Shakespeare portrays Shylock in a way that discriminates against all JewsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice2269 Words   |  10 PagesSamantha Hansen ENG 314 Brother Brugger 12.15.14 The Question of Shylock It is hard to read The Merchant of Venice without finding at least one character to sympathize with. The unforgettable villain Shylock as well as Portia, Shakespeare’s first and one of his most famous heroines are arguably some of this plays most beloved characters. But, is Shylock really the villain? Or is he a victim of circumstance? Shylock’s insistence for a pound of flesh has made him one of literatures most memorableRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1970 Words   |  8 Pagesthe titles are reflective of the protagonists featured within. For example, the famous titles of Julius Caesar and Hamlet tell the tragedies of those respective characters. However, when it comes to William Shakespeare’s fourteenth play, The Merchant of Venice, it can be argued that Antonio, the merchant, is not who the play is about. In fact, there is not just one character, but instead multiple that fit the description of the protagonist. The main plot, or rather p lots, of the play revolve aroundRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1315 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare the play is based upon the hierarchy between Christian men and Jewish men. A character by the name of Bassanio borrows money from his friend Antonio, and Antonio borrows the money from Shylock to give to Bassanio. Eventually, Antonio cannot pay the money back because his ships have supposedly sunk. Therefore, he comes close to death because he signed a bond with Shylock stating that Shylock would get a pound of his flesh if the bond was not repaidRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1532 Words   |  7 Pagesuseless dialogue can make readers skip over what seems like a false beginning to a good story. But think about this: what if those seemingly lengthy, extra, useless words were actually important? For example, the opening 115 lines of William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice are provide minimal support to the story at first glance. In these lines, Antonio and his friends are discussing the dynamics of happiness and sadness in order to find the root of Antonio’s sad mood. This portion of the play givesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1532 Words   |  7 Pagesfundamentalist Americans. The ills of money-lending from the Eastern perspective have been fodder for Western literature for centuries, replete with illustrations that mirror the differences and similarities in East-West cultural norms. In William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice, money-lending has gone awry. In Act I, Scene iii, the Italian Antonio seeks to borrow 3,000 ducats from the Jewish Shylock, and Shylock intends to charge him interest, which is against Jewish economic-religious principles (BateRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice Essay1275 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is so alike to our financially afflicted world. The rules of law and commerce are subject to deceptive manipulation, fear of the other overwhelms respect for a common humanity, duplicity is the norm, sexuality is a vehicle for ambition, and money drives and wraps almost every action. It is a classic tale that includes important details of the financial crisis in the Unit ed States during 2007-2009. Shakespeare’s Venice, like the New York of his time - and theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice2059 Words   |  9 Pagesin The Merchant of Venice resembles a folktale known as â€Å"A Pound of Flesh† (325). Artese supports his supposition with background context and parallels between the two story lines. Literary versions of the pound of flesh story circulated during the sixteenth century and were collected since the nineteenth century because of the plot’s longevity and populairity Shakespeare would have been familiar with pound of flesh stories (326). Human commodification is a central issue in both The Merchant of VeniceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1616 Words   |  7 PagesThe Merchant of Venice offers another unique perspective on crossdressing as it existed on the English Renaissance stage. Howard suggests that Portia’s crossdressing is â€Å"more disruptive than Violaâ€⠄¢s† (Howard, p. 433) because Portia herself was an unruly woman to begin with. Portia has become the master of her own destiny with the passing of her father, for she is referred to as the Lord of Belmont now that no man exists to fill such a role. What remains of the patriarchal authority, particularly

Should The Laws Regarding Euthanasia Be Changed Essay Example For Students

Should The Laws Regarding Euthanasia Be Changed? Essay Euthanasia is the act or practice of ending the life of an individual suffering from a terminal illness or an incurable condition. So far, the Netherlands is the only jurisdiction in the world that permits euthanasia; it also permits assisted suicide The state of Oregon permits assisted suicide also. The difference between assisted suicide and euthanasia all comes down to the last act- the act without which the death wouldnt have occurred. If a third party performs the last act that intentionally causes a patients death, euthanasia has occurred. For example, giving a patient a lethal injection would be considered euthanasia. On the other hand, if the person who dies performs the last act, assisted suicide has taken place. So, it would be assisted suicide if a person swallows an overdose of drugs that has been provided by a doctor for the purpose of causing death. For A change to the law Many people today believe it is morally wrong to keep some one alive against their own will. I must say I have to agree. Some ask Why are people forced to stay alive? The answer is they arent. We will write a custom essay on Should The Laws Regarding Euthanasia Be Changed? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now A lot of people think that euthanasia is needed so patients wont be forced to remain alive by being hooked up to machines. But the law states that patients or their families can refuse treatment even if it will increase the likelihood of the patient dying. But this isnt enough. Even though the patient has the right to refuse treatment, it could still mean months of suffering before death. If euthanasia isnt legalised then more innocent people will go to prison. For instance, imagine a fifty year-old woman whose husband is terminally ill with pancreatic cancer. This is the most painful type of cancer. He asks her to end the pain, she does. She would then probably get a minimum two years minimum in prison. Then theres the case of Tony Bland. Tony was injured in the Hillsborough tragedy of 1986. He suffered severe brain haemorrhaging and serious brain damage. He then fell into a condition called PVS or Persistent Vegetative State. This meant he could not move, he couldnt breath unassisted, he couldnt respond to touch, see nor hear. The man had to take food through a straw. Although, blood was still pumping around his body and he was able to think. He was kept alive for three whole months before a ruling was passed at the House of Commons to put an end to his suffering. There were many things that could have been done to end it, a lethal injection, an overdose of sleeping pills but no. Their solution was to starve him. This, for me, boldly underlines the frailties of the British Justice System. After all, euthanasia is practised illegally anyway so wouldnt it be much better to legalise it so it can be performed under careful guidelines? Whats more, to keep a person in agony unnecessarily is inhumane and cruel. I feel that anybody who opposes legalising euthanasia is either out of his or her mind or merely trying to impose his or her own religious beliefs upon others. Against A change in the law The point has been made by many people that legalising euthanasia would make it all the more easy for murders to take place undetected. This may be true as it would be extremely hard to put together a legal system of documentation that is entirely full proof. If the patient wanted to die, whats to stop them killing themselves? Much of the time it is the drugs the patient is prescribed which cause most of the discomfort and he or she does have the right to refuse treatment of any kind. It is quite obvious that there would be no way of creating a legal system that would work well. The government should not have the right to give one group of people e. g. doctors the power to kill another group of people e. g. their patients. Take into account how well one really knows his or her doctor. Would you trust him or her with your life? .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 , .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .postImageUrl , .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 , .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02:hover , .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02:visited , .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02:active { border:0!important; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02:active , .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02 .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u86e04139e14caf2c3b7895a2ee68ea02:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Human Nature In Heart Of Darkness EssayEverybody remembers the Harold Shipman case. A doctor who over a period of around thirty-five years in the medical profession was convicted of killing over eighty of his patients with large doses of morphine. If he could do that with no law give doctors the right to practice euthanasia, think what he could do with a law in place! Euthanasia involves one person being instrumental in the death of another. This is a matter of very public concern since it can lead to tremendous abuse, exploitation and erosion of care for the most vulnerable people among us. There is enough cruelty in the world without giving the sadists more ground upon which to practice their pastimes. It has been suggested that euthanasia could be used as a form of healthcare cost containment. This is a frightening prospect for then people could be forced into euthanasia for the sake of saving money. Laws against euthanasia and are in place to prevent abuse and to protect people from unscrupulous doctors and others. They are not, and never have been, intended to make anyone suffer. I agree that it would be extremely difficult to formulate a justice system for euthanasia that actually works. But my essay wasnt supposed to be about the new law that should be put in place; it was about the fact that the current law needs to change à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" fast. We just cant go on pretending that it will never happen to us because it will. We will all die someday, one out of every three in pain. Do you honestly want to be lying in your deathbed, terminally ill, in agony, thinking I wish it could all just end now?

Trifles Essays (811 words) - Trifles, Susan Glaspell,

Trifles Trifles I remember my grandmother Ruby Betts always telling me Dont ever change yourself for nobody, because, in the end, youll get mad because they never changed. In Susan Glaspells 1916 play Trifles a group characters gather in the Midwestern farmhouse of John and Minnie Wright. The characters who gather in the home are investigating the murder of John Wright and examining evidence to convict Minnie Wright. In this play, the plot is used to examine much bigger topic; the examination of the suppression of emotions, individuality and inferiority, and effect that it can have on the female psyche. The first example of Minnies psychological break was when Mr. Hale retells his story and reveals that when he asked to see John Wright that morning, Mrs. Wright only replied, no (Glaspell 1387) in a dull-like manner. She later on went to say Hes dead, in unemotional tone (Glaspell 1387). The second example of Minnies state of mind is when Mr. Hale asks Who did this Mrs. Wright?(Glaspell 1388). Mrs. Wright replies I dont know (Glaspell 1388). This quotation could be interpreted as Minnie Wright finally releasing her anger and not coming to the realization that she killed him. In one part of the play Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters comment on the cleanliness of the farmhouse and how she must not have been happy with her husband. This indicates that if Minnie had been happy in her own life her chores would have reflected her happiness. Susan Glaspell expresses throughout the play that when a woman marries, it is normal for a female to lose her identity. An example of this is the Sheriff says his wife, Mrs. Peters is married to law (Glaspell 1395). This is the common theme in the early 1900s.Women were made to think they should devote their lives fully to their spouse. Mrs. Hale later describes Minnie Wright as Minnie Foster in her younger days. Mrs. Hale describes her as, real sweet and pretty but kind of timid fluttery. How- she did change (Glaspell 1393). Mrs. Hale had seen Minnie Wright change dramatically over the years. Minnie Foster was a petite, vibrant young woman who slowly transformed in a lonely farmers wife due to the lack of social interactions and b eing suffocated by her husband. Later in the play, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters discover a bird cage and a badly sewn quilt in the closet of Minnie Wright. They find the birdcage door to be broken and the bird in a box wrapped in a cloth with its neck twisted neck. The bird symbolizes Minnie Wright in her younger years and her only piece of happiness. Oh the immense sadness she must have felt! It is almost as if she had watched her own life being taken from her a second time. Another huge part of Minnie Wright mental decline is the lack of socializing with others. Mrs. Hale says, I couldve come. I stayed away because it werent cheerful- and that why I ought to have come (Glaspell 1392). Mrs. Hale recognizes that Minnie mind was in a destructive state and expresses deep regret in not coming to see her. One could only imagine that if Mrs. Hale had come to visit Minnie Wright, she would not have suppressed her emotions and killed her husband. In Trifles, the play the plot was used to explore a much bigger topic; the suppression of emotions, individuality and inferiority and the effect it has on the female psyche. Minnie Wright had lived her adult life under the rule of John Wright. She went from being a cheerful young woman to a suffocated and isolated housewife, because of John Wrights insecurities. This point is later solidified by Mrs. Peters, It is an awful thing was done in this house that night Mrs. Hale. Killing a man while he slept slipping a rope around his neck that choked the life out of him (Glaspell 1393). Minnie Wright already had so much anger built up from so many suffocating years of marriage, but John Wright killing her bird sent her into a rage. She strangled John Wright in his sleep so that she could overpower him and make him feel the same

Free Essays on Grasslands

The World of Grasslands looks at the three different contiguous prairies. It covers the tall grass, mixed grass, and the short grass prairies. This chapter also looks at the great decline of grasslands in much of their range. One of the main threats to grasslands looked at in this chapter is the exotic plants that have been introduced by cattle imported here from around the globe. Even though these exotic plants have caused a lot of damage, many of these efforts are reversible. At the start of this chapter the author explains his first experience in a prairies area. As he entered the big open prairie he said he had no idea what to expect. While he started walking in the knee-deep grass he looked out and saw that the prairie extended far beyond what he could see, beyond the curve of the earth. The Nebraska Sand Hills where he was walking, was covered with big and little bluestem, drop seed, and prairie sand reed. When the wind blew he said the prairie rolled like a stormy sea. The world of grasslands is the first topic looked at in this chapter. When trying to understand the true American grassland one must first think way beyond a common suburban lawn. In an undisturbed grassland in the Midwest there can be a hundred different types of grasses every foot. When looking at grasslands throughout the entire country there are over 7500 plant species. Like the forests and their species, each of these plants serves a special purpose in maintaining a healthy grassland. One of the ways that grasslands are maintained and survive is through diversity. Diversity in grasslands comes when you have various wildflowers bloom at different times. In a study conducted in Minnesota, during a drought, seven-eights of that particular biomass dies if it does not have species diversity. When you look back a the time when the prairies had buffalo running wild, the prairies was a system that grew, and continued to grow. Today we see pr... Free Essays on Grasslands Free Essays on Grasslands The World of Grasslands looks at the three different contiguous prairies. It covers the tall grass, mixed grass, and the short grass prairies. This chapter also looks at the great decline of grasslands in much of their range. One of the main threats to grasslands looked at in this chapter is the exotic plants that have been introduced by cattle imported here from around the globe. Even though these exotic plants have caused a lot of damage, many of these efforts are reversible. At the start of this chapter the author explains his first experience in a prairies area. As he entered the big open prairie he said he had no idea what to expect. While he started walking in the knee-deep grass he looked out and saw that the prairie extended far beyond what he could see, beyond the curve of the earth. The Nebraska Sand Hills where he was walking, was covered with big and little bluestem, drop seed, and prairie sand reed. When the wind blew he said the prairie rolled like a stormy sea. The world of grasslands is the first topic looked at in this chapter. When trying to understand the true American grassland one must first think way beyond a common suburban lawn. In an undisturbed grassland in the Midwest there can be a hundred different types of grasses every foot. When looking at grasslands throughout the entire country there are over 7500 plant species. Like the forests and their species, each of these plants serves a special purpose in maintaining a healthy grassland. One of the ways that grasslands are maintained and survive is through diversity. Diversity in grasslands comes when you have various wildflowers bloom at different times. In a study conducted in Minnesota, during a drought, seven-eights of that particular biomass dies if it does not have species diversity. When you look back a the time when the prairies had buffalo running wild, the prairies was a system that grew, and continued to grow. Today we see pr...

Learn How to Use the French Preposition Par

Learn How to Use the French Preposition Par The French preposition par means through, by, or per in English. It is used to indicate the manner in which something is done, the reason behind an event, the direction something moves, or the amount of something per some unit of measurement. In everyday conversation, you might use par when giving directions to someone or to describe how an event occurred. Examples of Par Je suis sortie par la porte.I left through/by the door.Jai appris la verità © par hasard.I learned the truth by accident.Il la obtenu par la force.He obtained it by force.Je lai envoyà © par la poste.I sent it through the mail.Il a jetà © les dà ©chets par la fenà ªtre.He threw the garbage though/out the window.Il gagne 500 euros par semaine.He earns 500 euros per week.Par is often used to introduce the agent in the passive voice:Ce livre, à ©crit par Voltaire...This book, written by Voltaire...La tasse a à ©tà © cassà ©e par un chien.The cup was broken by a dog. Verbs With Par As with prepositions in English, there are some instances when a verb will also require using par in sentence construction. Some of the most common French verbs are: arriver  par  Ã‚  Ã‚  to succeed through/bycommencer  par  Ã‚  infinitive  Ã‚  Ã‚  to  begin by ___-ingfaire  par  (la pitià ©,  lamour)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to do out of (pity, love)finir  par   infinitive  Ã‚  Ã‚  to end up ___-ing / to finally do somethinghabiter  par  ici  Ã‚  Ã‚  to live around herejurer  par  Ã‚  Ã‚  to swear byobtenir  quelque  chose par  Ã‚  Ã‚  to obtain something byprendre  quelquun  par  (la main)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to take someone by (the hand)ressembler  par  Ã‚  Ã‚  to resemble due tosortir  par  (la fenà ªtre)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to leave by (the window)venir  par  (la cà ´te)  Ã‚  Ã‚  to come along/by (the coast)

Use of iPads in schools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Use of iPads in schools - Research Paper Example This document sets out to explore the major opposing views of implementing the iPad technology into academic learning. Most schools across the country are still finding or rather struggling to find just how new technological developments might educate students in a better way. Recent research shows that in thirty one US states, approximately 275,000 K-12 students were taking online classes (Valstad, 2011). Administrators of different schools are handing out iPads and encouraging students and teachers to find new and better ways in which they can use these gadgets to learn. Whereas the issuance of individual iPads to students and teachers is highly present in high-income earning students, those on the other end have a disadvantage in terms of access and use of the gadget. As much as many may be saying the technology-driven learning eases the whole learning process, making it more streamlined and efficient; a close attention needs to be paid with respect to the negative impacts associated with the use of this education-driven technology in school. One Matt Burns believes that iPads should not be in classrooms due to the fear of them turning into another prop for current scholars just in the same way calculators have made sure that children or rather students actually no longer need to know how to do mathematics (Henderson and Yeow, 2012). According to Valstad (2011), kids in the temporary classes are now taught to pass tests. Knowledge is externalized, stored on some server or gadget up to when they are needed. Despite the learning process being prevale nt in schools, the storage of thoughts and facts is not. iPads and their digital textbooks will only serve to further this problem as all it takes is a click on a word to get its meaning and or definition. In addition, Henderson and Yeow (2012) mention that students in classrooms are likely to suffer from potential distraction where

Ratio analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ratio analysis - Essay Example The former is used to compare the performance of the firm within itself in terms of aspects such as improvement in management skills and finance handling. The latter is used to compare the performance of the firm within its industry of operation. Such comparisons will consider fundamental aspects of operations like profitability. In profitability, an increase or decrease is established and the causes of each including what can be done to stabilize profitability and grow it further. The liquidity of the firm is also quite fundamental as this would enable management know how to plan operations and sources of financing. Therefore, ratio analysis is used in the determination of trends as it strives to expose the strengths and weaknesses of the company. Ratios can be either favorable or unfavorable depending on whether the increase or decrease is in the desired direction (Dess 2012). For our analysis of Apple Incorporation’s financial statement of the year 2012 compared to that of the year 2011, we will categorize ratios into the following - Profitability Ratios; Liquidity ratios; Efficiency Ratios and Capital structure ratios. Profitability Ratios They measure the ability of the company to generate profits from their asset investments. Such ratios include- Gross Profit margin, which is the profit before expenses generated by sales as a percentage. There is the Net Profit margin which are the earnings before depreciation and tax generated by sales; Then there is the Return on Equity(ROE)/Net Worth/ Shareholders funds/ Investments(ROI), this is the ratio of the earnings after tax plus preference dividends contributed by share capital and reserves. The fourth ration in this category is the Return on total assets (ROTA) which indicates how much the Fixed and Current Assets of a company contributes to the Earnings before Interest and Tax (EBIT). Return on Capital Employed is the next, it indicates how equity and Fixed interest capital contributes to the EBIT, and finally we have the Operating Expenses Ratio indicating the percentage of sales consumed by the operating expenses. An increase in these ratios from the previous period is considered favorable while a decrease in the last ratio is considered favorable. The ratios as shown by the financial data by Apple incorporation between the years 2011 and 2012 financial statements are as shown in the table below. RATIO FORMULA YEAR 2012($ in Millions) YEAR 2011($ in Millions) 1. Gross Profit Margin = (Gross Profit/Sales)*100 (66,662/156,508)*100 = 43.87% (43,818/108,249)*100 = 40.48% 2. Net Profit Margin =(EBIT/Sales)*100 (55,241/156,508)*100 = 35.30% (34,790/108,249)*100 = 32.14% 3. ROE/ROI =(EAT+ Pref. dividends/Owner’s Equity)*100 (41,733/118,210)*100 = 35.30% (25,922/76,615)*100 = 33.83% 4. ROTA =(EBIT/Total Assets)*100 (55,241/176,064)*100 = 31.38% (34,790/116,371)*100 = 29.90% 5. ROCE =(EBIT/Total Capital Employed)*100 (55,241/118,210)*100 = 46.73% (34,790/76,615)*100 = 45.41% 6. O perating Expenses Ratio =(Operating Expenses/Sales)*100 (13,421/156,508)*100 = 80.58% (10,028/108,249)*100 = 9.26% As indicated by the profitability ratios, there was a general increase in profitability of Apple Inc between the year 2011 and 2012. The gross profit margin shows a rise from 40.48% in 2011 to 43.87% in 2012. Such an increase was because of the increase in; sales from 108,249 in 2011 to 156,508 in 2012. An increase of the net profit margin from 32.14% to 35.3% is because of the i

Psychology and Crime Essay Example for Free

Psychology and Crime Essay There are a number of other theories developed by researchers including Bandura (1986), Beck (1982), Ellis (1976) and Ross and Fabiano (1985) describing cognitive structures or thinking frameworks that lead to troubled or criminal behaviour. These theories suggest that how an individual thinks about an external event, not the event itself, can trigger feelings that lead to criminal behaviour. Cognitive restructuring enables offenders to change their anti-social attitudes and beliefs through a process that focuses on the individuals thinking patterns. Kohlberg (1978) in the theory of moral development was concerned with the cognitive processes behind moral judgement. He used the work of Piaget (1932) and suggested that moral reasoning advances with age. Offending occurs when there is a delay in moral development and the offender does not have the reasoning to resist temptation from offending. (Hollin as citied in Maguire 2002) This could explain why some criminals are seen to grow out of criminality. This theory has been criticised on the basis that Kohlberg was explaining moral reasoning not moral behaviour. In conclusion psychoanalytical accounts do not offer a satisfactory explanation of crime but neither do any of the other theories on their own. Psychoanalytic theories concentrate on the unconscious, which is a contributing factor in the explanation of crime but the theory cannot explain all types of crime. Learning theories look at the values and beliefs that are learnt through the environment however they do not take into account internal or cognitive factors. Cognitive approaches help us to understand crime but do not explain the causes of crime. Cognitive theories focus on the individual and how the individual can be treated to change. This is why they are in favour with criminal justice at the moment. The theories assume that all offenders are the same however it is only crime itself that can be described in such a uniform way. In order to explain crime all the available theories including sociological theories need to be taken into account. As for psychoanalytical theories Psychoanalytical theories stress the inner processes and conflicts as determinants of behaviour. However they do not ignore or neglect the environmental or social factors, but they favour the dynamic processes as playing a major role in the development of criminal behaviour. (Hollin 1989) Bibliography Ainsworth.P (2000) Psychology and Crime: Myths and reality. (Essex: Pearson) Hollin.C (1989) Psychology and crime. (London: Routledge) Maguire.M etal (2002) The Oxford Handbook of Criminology (Oxford: Oxford University Press. 3rd Edition) McLaughlin.E Muncie.J (2001) The Sage Dictionary of Criminology (Sage Publications ltd. London) Putwain.D Sammons.A (2002) Psychology and Crime (East Sussex: Routledge)

School Censorship is Detrimental to Education Essay examples -- Argume

School Censorship is Detrimental to Education       Mark Twain, John Steinbeck, Harper Lee, Maya Angelou. What do these writers have in common? Sure, they are all great American authors, but there is something else. They are all "banned." Censored. Forbidden. Who has not read a book by at least one of these authors? All are great pieces of literature and should be crucial parts of the high school curriculum. School censorship of books is detrimental to the educational development of high school students.    In order to understand the problems with school censorship, one must know why it is done. One reason is bad language. A prime example of this type of censorship occurred in a California school when words like à «damn' and à «hell' were blacked out of Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451. Students were stunned by the irony of the situation. A book about censorship was being censored (Wright). Sexual activity is another common reason for censorship, along with assaults on family values and violence. Why is this happening when 90% of students surveyed do not believe that books should be censored because they contain offensive language or sexual situations (Survey)? Negative racial treatment of characters, setting, or theme also fuels censorship (Simmons).    Something else that must be mentioned in order to understand the evils of school censorship are facts censors ignore; the first being literary quality. When they chose to censor a book they do not take into account the educational value of the book. How can one say a book does not belong in schools if they do not know what lessons it teaches? The second key element ignored is the manner in which teachers lead students to interact with texts. They g... ...eory censorship thus prevents students from thinking. There are ways of teaching our children morals, but censorship is not one of them. In the words of Ralph Waldo Emerson, "Every burned book enlightens the world."    Works Cited    Killing a Classic; Censorship: Offensive language can be instructional in a play about racism and segregation. The Sun; Baltimore, Md.; Nov.6, 1999. Simmons, John S. School Censorship: No Respite in Sight. Forum. Winter 1996/1997, pp. 12-16 Survey. "Survey on Censorship of Books in School" November 18,1999. Twain, Mark. The Adventurers of Huckleberry Finn. Penguin Books. New York, New York, 1959. Virginia Beach Public Library Librarian. Interview. November 19, 1999 Wright, Jake. Literary Censorship in America's Schools. On-line. Available: http://members.xoom.com/jakewright/censorship/   

W-Planning(V1.3)

W-Planning(v1. 3) W-Planning (v1. 3) plug-in that Directory 1. 1 Data Production Part 2 The production of the source data 2 1. 1. 1 (1) GSM data format 2 (2) WCDMA 3 Data Format (3) 4 neighborhood data 1. 1. 2 Community information tables into MapInfo 5 1. 1. 2. 1 Public participation into 5 6 1. 1. 3 Update data 1. 1. 3. 1 Public Participation 6 to update the existing district 1. 1. 3. 2 Add the base station 7 1. 2 Basic functions 7 9 1. 2. 3 Planning Tools 1. 2. 3. 1 GSM frequency planning applications: 9 1. 2. 3. 2 WCDMA scrambling code planning application: 10 1. . 4 neighbor Tools: 11 1. 2. 4. 1 Database Analysis: 11 1. 2. 4. 2 to the neighbor relationship between positive and negative query and display 12 1. 2. 5 Simulation coverage analysis tool: 15 1. 2. 6 Tools 16 W-Planning (v1. 3) plug-in that Directory 1. 1 Data Production Part 2 The production of the source data 2 1. 1. 1 (1) GSM data format 2 (2) WCDMA 3 Data Format (3) 4 neighborhood data 1. 1. 2 Community information tables into MapInfo 5 1. 1. 2. 1 Public participation into 5 6 1. 1. 3 Update data 1. 1. 3. 1 Public Participation 6 to update the existing district 1. . 3. 2 Add the base station 7 1. 2 Basic functions 7 9 1. 2. 3 Planning Tools 1. 2. 3. 1 GSM frequency planning applications: 9 1. 2. 3. 2 WCDMA scrambling code planning application: 10 1. 2. 4 neighbor Tools: 11 1. 2. 4. 1 Database Analysis: 11 1. 2. 4. 2 to the neighbor relationship between positive and negative query and display 12 1. 2. 5 Simulation coverage analysis tool: 15 1. 2. 6 Tools 16 W-Planning is based on MapInfo plug-in plug-ins developed for WCDMA / GSM network settings check and optimization. The advantage is to show intuitive, easy to operate.Main features are: †¢ NodeB / BTS base stations, a map of the information; †¢ in accordance with the cell number, fuzzy station name to search the area; †¢ GSM frequency planning, WCDMA scrambling code planning; †¢ in accordance with the BSC (RNC) / LAC geog raphical boundaries of the simulation; †¢ Cell simulation coverage; †¢ 2/3G adjacent area optimization; †¢ One-way inspection and graphical adjacent areas; 1. 1 The production part of the data This section describes the production of the raw data CSV table format, and precautions 1. 1. 1 the production of source dataThe original cell information is CSV file, the workers into participating in a specific format, note the information must be accurate, especially in the items required. (1) GSM data format †¢ LAC_CI ———————————— cell ID items, such as 14466_55001, required; †¢ LAC ———————————– – LAC area, required; †¢ CI ————————————– cell number, such as 55001, are required; †¢ SITE_NO †”———————————- station number, optional; †¢ SITE_NAME ——————————— site name, equired; †¢ CELL_NAME ——————————– district name, such as water juncture -1, required; †¢ BSC ——————————————— attribution BSC , required; †¢ BSIC ——————————————- BSIC, required; †¢ BCCH —————————————- BCCH, required; †¢ TCH1 ~ TCH12 —————————— TCH frequency, required no filling 0 †¢ LONGIT UDE / LATITUDE ————— base station latitude and longitude, required †¢ AZIMUTH ———————————- azimuth, all the stations 360, change the fill †¢ LENGTH ————————————- geography of the area covered by the system; 1. 1 GSM_Site. csv [pic] ?1. 1 GSM_Site. csv (2) 2) WCDMA data format LAC_CI ————————————– cell ID items, such as 14466_55001, required; †¢ LAC ———————————– – LAC area, required; †¢ CI ————————————– cell number, such as 55001, are required; †¢ NodeBID —————â⠂¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- station number, optional; †¢ NodeBName ——————————— site name, required; †¢ Cell_Name ——————————– district name, such as water juncture -1, required; †¢ RNCID ——————————————— RNC attribution , required; †¢ UARFCN —————————————- frequency, required; †¢ P-SC —————————– scrambling code, required †¢ Longitude / Latitude ————— base station latitude and longitude, required †¢ Azimuth ————————— ——- azimuth, all the stations 360, change the fill †¢ length ————————————- geography of the area covered by the system 1. 2 WCDMA_Site. csv [pic] ?1. 2 WCDMA_Site. csv Note: Please use the above base station naming attribute, otherwise it will cause read errors, the user can add other attributes any column, the column can be in no particular order.Users also can extend the range of properties for base station identification, such as routing area, configuration, antenna height, secondary carrier frequency, the next angle, coverage, business offices, district and other information sharing, these attributes column names and the content can be customized ((3) o-zone data Written examples bscname PT_BSC512 s_network 2G s_lac 14466 s_cellid 50272 sitename BS5027_JiangKouPingMin-27 d_network 2G d_lac 14353 d_cellid 10582 BCCH_UARFCN 110 bsic_psc 21 direction 2G_2G Note: s_network / d_net work complete specifications for the 2G (3G), direction complete specification 2G_2G/2G_3G/3G_3G/3G_2G 1. 2. 1 Open table command Description: There in the menu bar â€Å"open work table †¦ † command, or click on the button (below the toolbar (red).Execute this command, open the folder in the specified relevant Mapinfo Table. Of course, the Open menu in Mapinfo Table can also open the appropriate form, select the appropriate forms as needed Note: To open the form must be in the same directory [pic] 1. 1. 2. 1 Create Map With GSM_Site , : [pic] , Create Map With WCDMA_Site, Import Neighbor ,WCDMA, 1. 1. 3 Update Data Planning data often change, frequency and scrambling code operation of the existing network need to be updated. Relatively simple method of updating data. 1. 1. 3. 1 update existing community participation work Comes with mapinfo tools info_tool, click to edit the object (Figure 1. 1. 3. Modify cell data) as shown to directly modify => Save, and if, a cha nge in latitude and longitude, to refresh the layers, you can select the area has changed , then refresh the data menu as shown in Figure 1. 1. 3. 2), note the update position, must take LAC_CI, LAC, CI and other data filled out correctly Modify the cell data in Figure 1. 1. 3. 1[pic] ?1. 1. 3. 1 [pic] ?1. 1. 3. 2 1. 1. 3. 2 Add station The simplest way to change the layer is programmable, and then copy an existing base station, drag the newly added cell layer, and then modify the information, select the refresh, add the site to be completed [pic] 1. 2 Basic functions About shortcut buttons (1) to open the Layer (2) cell search (3) GSM frequency planning (on a frequency point) (4) GSM frequency planning (the next frequency point) 5) WCDMA scrambling code planning (on a scrambling code) (6) WCDMA scrambling code planning (the next scrambling code) (7) neighborhood search (forward search) (8) neighborhood search (reverse lookup) (9) BSC / RNC geographical boundaries of (10) LAC geogr aphical boundaries of (11) to open the Legend (12) file export Google Kml (13) refresh the layers 1. 2. 1 Open table command Description: There in the menu bar â€Å"open work table †¦ † command, or click on the button (below the toolbar (red). Execute this command, open the folder in the specified relevant Mapinfo Table. Of course, the Open menu in Mapinfo Table can also open the appropriate form, select the appropriate forms as neededNote: To open the form must be in the same directory [pic] 1. 2. 2 Cell Search Selected as shown above, to find Select the network you want to find, enter the district number, district name to search, exact match, it will center the display, and displays the corresponding Messagel, as shown below (Find Wat Stone Town -1 cell) [pic] , [pic] [pic] 1. 2. 3 Planning Tools 1. 2. 3. 1 GSM frequency planning application: 12 carrier configuration tool can query the plot, the use of red, blue, and green display BCCH, TCH1 to TCH12 frequency planni ng situation. Related commands â€Å"Find frequency† â€Å"Find previous frequency† â€Å"Find next frequency† Query results as follows.And the tool also provides the relevant shortcut button (upper-state frequency point on a P / N under what frequency) [pic] 1. 2. 3. 2 WCDMA scrambling code planning application: Tools can be found scrambling code 1-512, using red, blue, and green shows the planning of PSC, by way of scrambling code planning, you can choose +1, +8 two kinds of presentation. Related commands â€Å"Find psc† â€Å"Find previous psc† â€Å"Find next psc† Query as shown below† [pic] [pic] 1. 2. 4 neighbor Tools: Neighbor Tools main menu as shown below, it allows the entire network neighbor data analysis, forward and backward neighbor relationship query and display; single neighborhood query (2/3G) [pic] 1. 2. 4. 1 Database Analysis: Find Single Way neighbor† One-way analysis of whole web of neighbor problem. Analysi s of the data sheet relates only to Neighbor. Neighbor data must include the column, the data related to the source cell, target cell data, as follows: Source cell data: bscname, s_network, s_lac, s_cellid Target cell data: d_network, d_lac, d_cellid Global mark: direction Interface as follows: (1) Export Single Direction_neighbor. csv report export-way adjacent areas, in the C: / OneWay. csv (2) Show Single Direction neighbor sub-project is complete, one-way adjacent areas of geographical graphical, easy and intuitive, reducing much of the inspection process. : [pic] 1. 2. 4. to the neighbor relationship between positive and negative query and display Neighbor relations tool Mapinfo query must be used, as long as the map with this tool, click on the desired CELL query area, and then use the command shown below to complete the normal or reverse neighbor queries display. â€Å"Displpay Neighbors for a selected cell†: a positive neighbor relations for query and display (cut out ). â€Å"Displpay a cell Neighbors in backward†: reverse-neighbor relations for query and display (cut into). As a way users can also choose to use shortcut keys to execute commands the way (1) GSM neighbor search The following is a GSM cell positive effect chart to find Description: The gray lines for the 2G_2G the adjacent area, the green line to the adjacent area between 2G_3G Following is a GSM cell reverse lookup renderingsDescription: The gray lines in the neighborhood for the 2G_2G, brown lines, the neighborhood relations for the 3G_2G (2) WCDMA neighbor search The following is a forward lookup renderings WCDMA cell Description: The red line is 3G_3G the neighborhood, brown lines, the neighborhood relations for the 3G_2G The following are renderings WCDMA cell reverse lookup Description: The red line is 3G_3G the adjacent area, the green line to the adjacent area between 2G_3G [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 1. 2. 5 Simulation coverage analysis tool: Daily work, we often need to have a network coverage about understanding, such as the division of each BSC, LAC region division, as well as analog cellular coverage area, etc. this tool can be achieved BSC / LAC zone automatic calculation simulation program areas, marked with different colors. Function menu as follows: BSC designated Area Picture (LAC similar), as follows: Tool can match Toolmate â€Å"Embed Thematic in map† shows the legend layer, which is more convenient to view the results as follows : [pic] BS [pic] Toolmate †Embed Thematic in map † , , : [pic] 1. 2. 6 [pic] (1. 2. 6 Tools (1) â€Å"Embed Thematic in map† layers within the legend display (2) â€Å"Export mapinfo2google† The picture shows the export mapinfo google Note that this operation requires you to not to maximize and minimize the window, the window as shown below, and shown that all the objects for display operation,

The Twilight Saga 5: Midnight Sun 21. Goodbye

There is no scent of a vampire anywhere near us, Emmett thought while looking around the darkened grounds. All clear here, Alice looked through the future. He'll show up, but he won't bother us†¦he wants her to himself. Looking out through the window of the Jeep I could see no sign of the tracker. I was secretly hoping that he wouldn't show up. Putting Bella in the line of danger was burning holes through me. â€Å"He's not here,† my voice was tense. â€Å"Let's go,† I firmly commanded. I gave Emmett a tight nod and he started unbuckling Bella's harness. I could hear her pulse start to race as her breathing became harsh and ragged. Her breath filled my lungs, reminding me forcibly of the precious creature I would be protecting this evening. She's worried†¦so human. â€Å"Don't worry, Bella,† Emmett said in an amused voice, â€Å"we'll take care of things here quickly.† Moisture was beginning to build up in Bella's eyes and in that most fleeting of seconds I wanted to take her and run ?C run thousands of miles ?C just me and her, together. That's not an option, Alice's vision swirled in her head before it went up in a wisp of smoke as I realized she was right. We should hurry, her thoughts were strained as the many smoky and shadowy figures shifted and disappeared with each decision that was being made. â€Å"Alice, Emmett,† I called. I hope he's here! This is going to be so much fun! Emmett ran away gleefully. Don't worry, Edward. We'll keep her safe. Alice slid silently into the trees. Bella was showing extraordinary strength for someone so human. I swept out of the Jeep and opened the back door to see Bella's face which was still full of sadness and my protective side took a different turn as I took her hand and brought her to my side to comfort and protect her. As the terror rose in my chest I was beginning to drag my feet reluctantly towards her door, where she would leave me to go inside. I knew the only safe place for her was in my arms. Our footsteps echoed in the silence but I was not oblivious to my surroundings as we walked; my eyes continually darting from every corner of the open space like we were in the middle of a war. I hear someone approaching, Emmett resisted the temptation to attack but his thoughts were always wildly enthusiastic about the prospect. â€Å"Fifteen minutes,† I reminded Bella while stealing a glance to look at her face, an icy surge of terror rising in the pit of my stomach. Tiny tears began seeping from beneath her eye lids as she looked up into my eyes. â€Å"I can do this,† she sniffed like she was trying to convince herself more than me. The lights on the porch were on, making her tears reflect the light as soon as we ascended the last step. She turned around to face me, bringing her warm hands to my face, sending a quivering feeling through my body in the most hostile of times. â€Å"I love you,† Bella said intensely. â€Å"I will always love you, no matter what happens now.† What did she think was going to happen to her? An odd chill ran up my spine. â€Å"Nothing is going to happen to you, Bella,† I replied fiercely. â€Å"Just follow the plan, okay? Keep Charlie safe for me. He's not going to like me very much after this, and I want to have the chance to apologize later,† she looked up at me with her tear stained face. I could feel my heart sinking as I took in her pitiful expression. Before I could show this emotion on my face I heard the thoughts of my family from the woods, distracting me again. They're here ?C only James and Victoria. Alice thought flatly. Laurent went to see Carlisle ?C or ?C to warn him. They are keeping their distance. They caught our scent. Emmett was still hoping for a fight. Well, well, well†¦ I heard James' thoughts. This is going to be a lot more fun than I realized, a laugh escaped his lips at the prospect of his new hunt. â€Å"Get inside, Bella. We have to hurry,† I said urgently while leaning over her protectively. â€Å"One more thing,† she whispered hastily. â€Å"Don't listen to another word I say tonight!† Instantly her lips were on mine, sending warmth and pleasant electric shocks through my body. I forgot where I was for a fraction of a second before she pulled away, tears still streaming down her face. Her expression changed to searing anger, she turned on her heal and kicked the front door open. â€Å"Go away, Edward!† her voice was a scream before she slammed the door in my face. I stood there looking at the door in stunned disbelief; my breath being temporarily robbed. The feelings pulsing through me were oddly disembodying. Shrugging off the sensation as best I could, I continued to look around the cool misty grounds, stealing glances through my siblings' minds along with Charlie's. James continued to keep his distance even though his thoughts were smug and optimistic to the point of foolishness. What is she doing? Emmett wondered. I underestimated her†¦ hilarious, this should be entertaining! â€Å"Bella?† Charlie called out anxiously at his daughter's angry words. â€Å"Move closer and see if you can get a better look at what's going on,† I heard James order Victoria. Better her neck than mine, James thought coldly. â€Å"Leave me alone!† Bella shouted back at Charlie. Charlie's thoughts were incoherent with panic at his daughter's obvious pain. He began pounding on her door while startling flashes of insight and thought filled my mind. â€Å"The human is fighting with her father,† Victoria told James after returning to him. This I have to see, James thought menacingly. He's on the move, Alice warned me. If he gets too close I'll take care of him, Emmett thought pleasantly. My eyes searched the forest for any sign of the tracker but came up empty. I continued to stand protectively below Bella's window. James moved in to hear the conversations going on inside the house but stayed clear of my vision. My concentration flew up fifteen feet to where Bella was. â€Å"Bella, are you okay? What's going on?† Charlie called out, frightened. â€Å"I'm going home,† she shouted angrily. It's almost believable ?C chuckle ?C this is getting good, Emmett's amusement was heightened at her acting. â€Å"Did he hurt you?† Charlie asked, disjointed anger rising in his thoughts. No†¦he protects her, James thought with great disgust. At their thoughts I snapped. I flew through the air swiftly entering her bedroom through the window, starting to grab anything and everything from her dresser in a fierce attempt to speed the process. â€Å"No!† Bella shouted back at her dad while she ran around her room, packing her belongings. She hadn't noticed my presence until she turned to her dresser. Her eyes found mine and they were full of sadness and guilt. Before I could pull her into my embrace we were interrupted. â€Å"Did he break up with you?† Charlie asked, perplexed by her sudden angst. â€Å"No!† Bella shrieked at Charlie again while shoving handfuls of clothes into her bag. Victoria is heading to our house because she knows that we plan to bring Bella there. Alice informed me. Charlie began beating on Bella's door, panic rushing his mind. â€Å"What happened, Bella?† Charlie shouted through the door. â€Å"I broke up with him!† she shouted back. She was jerking her hand on the zipper of the bag so I caught her hand gently with mine and zipped it for her. I picked up the bag and gently placed it on her shoulder. â€Å"I'll be in the truck ?C go!† I whispered and lightly pushed her towards her door, trying to press the fact that we needed to get far away from James. I jumped out of the window. â€Å"What happened?† Charlie asked when she opened her door, following her downstairs. â€Å"I thought you liked him?† â€Å"I do like him ?C that's the problem. I can't do this anymore! I can't put down anymore roots here! I don't want to end up trapped in this stupid, boring town like Mom! I'm not going to make the same dumb mistake she did. I hate it ?C I can't stay here another minute!† Bella yelled in a desperate attempt to convince Charlie to let her go. She's good, Emmett thought. She is setting up an escape†¦clever, but not clever enough. James thought. Things are about to get real interesting, James sneered in his head. â€Å"Bells, you can't leave now. It's nighttime,† Charlie whispered to her with pure sadness in his voice. Charlie's shocked thoughts were over powering as each word lashed at him, causing him pain. Oh yes she can. Come on little girl, come out to play. James snarled with great smugness. I resisted the temptation to whip around and attack him. That is not a good idea, Alice thought in hollow tones. Flashes of the future floated into her mind but disintegrated when I decided not to follow through with my plan. â€Å"I'll sleep in the truck if I get tired,† Bella responded to Charlie, her voice emotionless. â€Å"Just wait another week,† Charlie begged. â€Å"Rene will be back by then.† â€Å"What?† Bella stuttered. We need to get her out of there, Alice pushed. â€Å"She called while you were out.† Charlie knew he had caught her off guard. â€Å"Things aren't going so well in Florida, and if Phil doesn't get signed by the end of the week, they're going back to Arizona. The assistant coach of the Sidewinders said they might have a spot for another shortstop.† Arizona is it? Surely she wouldn't actually go there. Hum†¦ James' thoughts trailed off. â€Å"I have a key,† Bella retorted to Charlie's pitiful attempt at keeping her there. That's right. Just come outside. James was wistful. If it weren't for our presence James would have already attacked. I was instantly becoming nervous at our plan. Is this plan going to back fire? I wondered gravely. We would shortly be in her very slow truck driving several miles towards my house before she would be in the protective custody of seven vampires. â€Å"Just let me go, Charlie.† Bella said softly. â€Å"It didn't work out, okay? I really, really hate Forks!† This is really going to hurt Charlie, Alice thought sadly. Bella walked out of the house. â€Å"I'll call you tomorrow!† she yelled back to Charlie. She jumped into her truck and the engine roared to life. She backed out and squealed her tires on the asphalt as she sped away. I was running next to her truck and jumped in. She was trembling and tears were leaking out of her eye lashes in massive amounts. â€Å"Pull over,† I said softly. â€Å"I can drive,† she barely sputtered a sobbing protest. Now the fun begins! James thought while running behind us. I'm right behind you, Edward. Don't worry, he won't try anything, Alice reassured me. I looked at Bella's face and pain knotted my stomach at the thought of her grief in this moment. I wanted to do something but I couldn't think of how to comfort her. She was barely staying in between the lines on the road, probably because her vision was blinded by more tears. I grabbed her waist and put my foot on the gas pedal, moving her warm body over mine until I was the one driving. â€Å"You wouldn't be able to find the house,† I tried to explain to her in a way that wouldn't upset her anymore than she already was. The lights of the Jeep flashed across the truck and she turned to look out of the window, horror displayed in her eyes. â€Å"It's just Alice,† I immediately tried to soothe her by cradling her hand in mine. At my touch she sighed and began to relax, though her face showed a great sadness. â€Å"The tracker?† Bella whispered. †¦is running behind us. Emmett's a few steps ahead of him, Alice informed me of the situation outside the truck but I was too intent on continued to leak from her eyes as she looked up at me. â€Å"He heard the end of your performance,† I said with the deepest of loathing while remembering his thoughts. â€Å"Charlie?† she looked like she was going to choke from the word. Alice quickly began scanning for Charlie's future – which was solidly there. His future looks bright, she added. â€Å"The tracker followed us. He's running behind us now.† I continued to try and calm her nerves. â€Å"Can we outrun him?† she asked anxious and curious. In that truck? Funny, Emmett mused. â€Å"No,† I pressed the gas pedal down to the floor, emphasizing Emmett's thoughts. The truck groaned, sputtered and continued to move at its regular fifty-five. Nice try, but that truck isn't going any faster. Emmett thought before jumping in the back, highly amused by the whole situation. A high pitched scream exited Bella's parted lips and I reached up, clamping my hand across her mouth to quiet her. â€Å"It's Emmett,† I explained while removing my hand from her face. Her face was screwed up in anguish and terror so I wound my arm around her waist and brought her into my side. I felt better immediately at her closeness because this was the safest place for her to be. â€Å"It's okay Bella,† I promised, though I wasn't sure if my promise was empty. â€Å"You're going to be safe.† Her face still showed a twist of emotions: terror, panic, and sadness. Expelling all thoughts that were around me I concentrated every last particle of my mind on the one person who needed me most ?C Bella. I needed to distract her and to distract myself. I knew the best way to get her talking was to make an assumption, which she would undoubtedly correct for me – usually with a lengthy explanation. â€Å"I didn't realize you were still so bored with small-town life,† I began, looking sideways at her face. â€Å"It seemed like you were adjusting fairly well ?C especially recently. Maybe I was just flattering myself that I was making life more interesting for you.† â€Å"I wasn't being nice,† she thwarted my attempts at a diversion while gazing down. â€Å"That was the same thing my mom said when she left him. You could say I was hitting below the belt.† â€Å"Don't worry. He'll forgive you,† my lips turned up in an attempt to ease her pain. She returned her gaze to mine and her eyes were still wide with panic. â€Å"Bella, it's going to be all right.† â€Å"But it won't be all right when I'm not with you,† her lips barely let the whisper escape. â€Å"We'll be together again in a few days,† I tightened my grip on her, realizing that I didn't ever want her to leave my protective custody. â€Å"Don't forget that this was your idea.† â€Å"It was the best idea ?C of course it was mine,† she replied smugly and a smile crept up my face at the sign of a new emotion, but it was fleeting at best. â€Å"Why did this happen?† she choked. â€Å"Why me?† I stared out into the darkness realizing that it was my error. You idiot, moron! I knew that there were others in the vicinity and in a moment of happiness I forgot the dangers that could befall a human, especially one that smelled as tempting as she did. â€Å"It's my fault ?C I was a fool to expose you like that.† I replied with rage present in my voice. â€Å"That's not what I meant,† she said exasperated. â€Å"I was there, big deal. It didn't bother the other two. Why did this James decide to kill me? There're people all over the place, why me?† In my attempt to block out all thoughts one still protruded into my mind, answering the question for me. Because you are protected by seven vampires ?C something I have never come across. This is the best challenge, yet. I couldn't have asked for anything better than this! James thought hungrily for the hunt. I hesitated before answering Bella's question, trying to word it in a way that wouldn't scare her beyond her current state of terror though the cold fury that was in every line of my face was obvious to her. â€Å"I got a good look at his mind tonight,† I began in a low voice. â€Å"I'm not sure if there's anything I could have done to avoid this, once he saw you. It is partially your fault.† I looked at her reflection in the glass. â€Å"If you didn't smell so appallingly luscious, he might not have bothered. But when I defended you†¦well, that made it a lot worse. He's not used to being thwarted, no matter how insignificant the object. He thinks of himself as a hunter and nothing else. His existence is consumed with tracking, and a challenge is all he asks of life. Suddenly we've presented him with a beautiful challenge ?C a large clan of strong fighters all bent on protecting the one vulnerable element. You wouldn't believe how euphoric he is now. It's his favorite game, and we've just made it his most exciting game ever,† I said in disgust. I will win, James's thoughts were rapt and exultant. I hesitated, trying to control the sensation that was building in my chest to pull over and attack. I controlled my urge and continued. â€Å"But if I had stood by, he would have killed you right then,† I said, frustrated. â€Å"I thought†¦I didn't smell the same to the others†¦as I do to you,† she said hesitantly. â€Å"You don't. But that doesn't mean that you aren't still a temptation to every one of them. If you had appealed to the tracker ?C or any of them ?C the same way you appeal to me, it would have meant a fight right there.† I felt her quiver. â€Å"I don't think I have any choice but to kill him now,† I muttered. â€Å"Carlisle won't like it.† â€Å"How can you kill a vampire?† she asked through her petrified sobs. Glad I'm not the one to tell her this one, Emmett chuckled and I ignored him. My focus was solely on Bella. Her gaze met mine and I could see the darkness of my face and eyes as I spoke. â€Å"The only way to be sure is to tear him to shreds, and then burn the pieces.† â€Å"And the other two will fight with him?† Always so full of questions, isn't she? Alice mused. â€Å"The woman will. I'm not sure about Laurent. They don't have a very strong bond ?C he's only with them for convenience. He was embarrassed by James in the meadow†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"But James and the woman ?C they'll try to kill you?† she choked. You silly girl! You are the fragile one, the breakable one ?C the one that is being hunted, I internally replied. â€Å"Bella, don't you dare waste time worrying about me. Your only concern is keeping yourself safe and ?C please, please ?C trying not to be reckless.† I pleaded. â€Å"Is he still following?† she asked. Yes, he's keeping his distance; he's pretty keen not to be seen. He won't come after Bella tonight, Alice informed me. â€Å"Yes. He won't attack the house, though. Not tonight.† I replied while turning onto my driveway. After the several mile drive to the house we could finally see the distant lights of the house becoming larger and clearer. I could immediately hear the thoughts of Laurent. I can't believe they live like this ?C Amazing! I can't understand why they are planning on ruining all of this for a human. Laurent thought in astonishment. He's at the forest edge, I'll grab Bella. Emmett thought while jumping out of the truck and running alongside it. When we were coming to a stop he opened the door and pulled Bella under his coat and ran her towards the house and through the front door, Alice and I at their side. Relief flowed through my veins now that she was inside, protected. Everyone stood at our arrival. I can't believe this crap, Rosalie was muttering. Oh thank heavens they are all right, Esme and Carlisle both thought, relieved. Laurent stood in the mist of my family members, his eyes a gleaming ominous red, making the difference between us and them stand out. What the hell is he doing in our house? I might get that fight after all, a feral snarl ripped up Emmett's throat, low and vibrating. He sat Bella down next to him, preparing to pounce. â€Å"He's tracking us,† I stared coldly at Laurent. â€Å"I was afraid of that,† Laurent frowned. I could hear James as he began thinking strategy in his mind, he was going to meet up with Victoria who was already waiting for him a short distance from the house. â€Å"What will he do?† Carlisle asked Laurent in chilling tones. â€Å"I'm sorry,† Laurent began. â€Å"I was afraid, when your boy there defended her, that it would set him off.† Same old games, Laurent thought angrily in his head. â€Å"Can you stop him?† Carlisle questioned. I'll stop him, Emmett roared internally. â€Å"Nothing stops James when he gets started.† Laurent answered while shaking his head in frustration. â€Å"We'll stop him,† Emmett promised him. â€Å"You can't bring him down. I've never seen anything like him in my three hundred years. He's absolutely lethal. That's why I joined his coven.† Laurent said doubtfully. His head began to shake back and forth again, this time in confusion. Why her? What is so special about this human girl that would make them want to provoke such a vicious hunter? He stole a look at Bella, and then turned back to Carlisle, perplexed by the situation. â€Å"Are you sure it's worth it?† A growl formed in my stomach and ripped up my throat so loudly that it had him cringing away from me in fear. â€Å"I'm afraid you're going to have to make a choice.† Carlisle said gravely. This is one hell of a life style to live in. But James ?C I could never defeat James. They mentioned something about a settlement in Denali. â€Å"I'm intrigued by the life you've created here. But I won't get in the middle of this. I bear none of you any enmity, but I won't go up against James. I think I will head north ?C to that clan in Denali,† should I warn them? Oh, why not! â€Å"Don't underestimate James. He's got a brilliant mind and unparalleled senses. He's every bit as comfortable in the human world as you seem to be, and he won't come at you head on†¦I'm sorry for what's been unleashed here. Truly sorry.† â€Å"Go in peace,† Carlisle said quietly. Hum, I hope it is like this in Denali, Laurent wondered, looking around before sweeping out of the house, his thoughts fading with distance. Carlisle turned to meet my gaze. â€Å"How close?† I'm going to seal off all entrances to the house, Esme thought while walking over to the wall, pressing a key pad – making large metal walls creek and groan as they sealed up the glass wall. â€Å"About three miles out past the river; he's circling around to meet up with the female.† I explained. Just drop her off at the river's bank and get this over with, Rosalie sneered in her head. I ignored her thoughts. â€Å"What's the plan?† Carlisle asked. â€Å"We'll lead him off, and then Jasper and Alice will run her south.† I explained to him in a hurry. South? Interesting choice. â€Å"And then?† Carlisle asked. â€Å"As soon as Bella is clear, we hunt him.† I replied darkly. Well, we know we won't let them hurt Bella. â€Å"I guess there's no other choice,† Carlisle agreed but his lips were turned down into a frown. I turned to Rosalie. She needed to learn that Bella is now a part of our family. â€Å"Get her upstairs and trade clothes,† I commanded. Her thoughts sputtered incoherently for several seconds before anger surged through her mouth. â€Å"Why should I?† she said vehemently. â€Å"What is she to me? Except a menace ?C a danger you've chosen to inflict on all of us.† â€Å"Rose†¦,† Emmett put a hand on her shoulder but she shrugged it off. Please ignore her, she'll come around one of these days, please, Emmett begged for Rosalie. With everything that Emmett has been doing for me lately I decided that I would do something for him. I ignored Rosalie's jibe and changed tack in the speed of light. I'll do it, Edward. Esme suggested. I turned to her, â€Å"Esme?† â€Å"Of course,† she responded immediately. Esme flew to Bella's side and without flinching brought her into her grasp and raced upstairs. Once Bella was upstairs everyone was in a hurry, running around packing their belongings or preparing for their independent trips. I continued to ignore Rosalie's thoughts as they grew meaner and more visual. â€Å"Rosalie, you will take Bella's truck. Esme will go with you,† I commanded. â€Å"You want me to ride in that†¦that†¦thing?† she barked. â€Å"Please, Rose. Do it for me,† Emmett asked softly. â€Å"I won't!† she hissed loudly. â€Å"Rosalie, Bella is part of this family and you will treat her with respect, do you understand me?† Carlisle's voice became firm. â€Å"Fine,† Rose snapped at us and then stalked away. I could feel the angry satisfaction on my face. I'm coming with you to hunt James. Maybe we can talk him out of this nonsense and can spare his life, Carlisle thought wishfully. Esme and Bella appeared down the stairs only a few minutes after they went up, both of them changed. It was an odd sensation to smell Bella all over Esme but we were in a hurry so I informed Bella of our plan. â€Å"Esme and Rosalie will be taking your truck, Bella,† I said while passing her to grab a cell phone that Carlisle was giving to each family member. â€Å"Alice, Jasper ?C take the Mercedes. You'll need the dark tint in the south.† We'll keep her safe, Edward†¦promise. I'll miss you. Alice thought while Jasper silently nodded in approval of the plan. â€Å"We're taking the Jeep,† I told Bella. â€Å"Alice,† Carlisle asked, â€Å"will they take the bait?† Alice closed her eyes while swirls of colors flashed and danced around until she solidly saw their path. â€Å"He'll track you. The woman will follow the truck. We should be able to leave after that† â€Å"Let's go.† I'll give you a minute, Carlisle thought but there was still a bite of impatience in his thoughts ?C we had to hurry. I rushed over to Bella, not even hesitating while I brought her into my tight embrace, letting her body warm every inch of mine. The monster, desire, was still positively, solidly there. I placed my hand under her chin, bringing her lips to mine. Euphoria splashed through my hectic nerves – calming them, though the electricity reminded me that I was doing this for her, that I would die for her – to protect her. In seconds the kiss was over and I could feel the slight tearing of my body as I placed her back on the ground. I kept her face in my hands, communicating silently the love I had for her as tears strolled down her pink cheeks, her face eloquent with despair. It was time to go, so I wretched myself away from her and then I was gone, a chill filling my stomach. I ran to the jeep, hoping into the passenger's side. Carlisle was driving and Emmett was in the back, we took off, driving north. James caught my scent easily and began chasing after us in the Jeep. I picked up the phone to call Esme. It only rang once, â€Å"Go now,† I ordered. I could still here the thoughts of Victoria as we speed away. Rosalie and Esme fired up Bella's truck and drove east. Victoria caught the smell of Bella and took off after her truck. I called Alice, even though I was positive she already knew. She answered her phone before it even rang, â€Å"Victoria is on their trail,† I informed her. â€Å"It's time.†

Thatcherism and New Labour - similarities essays

Thatcherism and New Labour - similarities essays The similarities between Thatcherism and New Labour are more important than the differences". Discuss. Thatcherism was built upon: Classical Liberalism, which emphasises the importance of individual freedom, and Conservatism, which promotes the notions of national sovereignty, the family and traditional morals and the minimising of state intervention. Thatcher developed her policies over time with her first government focussing on union reform and monetary control, the second focussing on privatisation and the third focussing on the restructuring of the welfare state. After becoming leader of the party in 1994, Blair made a decisive break away from Old Labours traditional political stance, rebranding the party as New Labour. In policy terms New Labour often refer to themselves as The Third Way between Old Labour, whose statist socialism they believe to be too radical, and Thatcherism, which they consider to have been overly concerned by the principle of laissez-faire and individualism. By accepting many of his predecessors ideas on: free trade, the requirement of a flexible labour market, the need to promote the spirit of entrepreneurial capitalism, the necessity for greater individual self-help and personal initiative in welfare, it can be argued that Blair has significantly shifted the party to becoming more Thatcherite. There were four crucial aspects of Margaret Thatchers economic reform: the privatisation of industry, the controlling of inflation, the curbing of union power, and the reduction of public spending in order to allow cuts in direct taxation. The most striking move away from the past by New Labour is the repeal of Clause IV of its constitution, which had become a keystone in the philosophy of the left. Commitment to public ownership was replaced by the view that the enterprise of the market and the rigour of competition are joine...

Television and the Present Perfect Tense

Television and the Present Perfect Tense Television and the Present Perfect Tense Television and the Present Perfect Tense By Maeve Maddox Autumn writes: Ive been wrestling with the title of a new Food Channel show called The Best Thing I Ever Ate.   I cant put my finger on it, but this sounds incorrect to me   . . . what is it thats throwing me off? Autumns grammatical instincts are correct. There is something not quite right with the name of this cooking show. The best thing I ever ate is idiomatic, but its not a formal English construction. The simple past, ate, is used to describe an action that took place at a specific time. For example: The best thing I ate while I was in Greece . . . Actions that occur at some unspecified time before the present are described with the present perfect: The best thing that I have ever eaten . . . The present perfect may be used with unspecific modifiers: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc. It may not be used with modifiers that indicate specific times: yesterday, last week, when I was young, etc. The formal version of The Best Thing I Ever Ate would be The Best Thing Ive Ever Eaten. But would it sell? Fuller descriptions of the uses of the simple past and present perfect can be found here: Simple Past Present Perfect Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Program vs. ProgrammeTelling a Good Poem from a Bad OneWhat is an Anagram?

Trying To Do Business In Mexico, Gringo Style Case Study

Trying To Do Business In Mexico, Gringo Style - Case Study Example These objectives primarily focus on enhancing the cost-efficiency of the company by reducing labor costs. Upon his arrival to Mexico with his family, Ted is greeted by his assistant plant manager and cultural mentor, Manuel and he promises Ted that the plant would become operational within two weeks. Eventually, the operations at the plant commence five weeks after the scheduled date which causes Ted to lose his trust in Manuel while, Manuel considers him too insensitive and impatient. As tensions between Ted and Manuel continue to grow, the efficiency levels at the plant continue to drop. Believing in the idea that cultural issues share no association with efficiency, Ted proposes three recommendations to address the problem including the dismissal of low performing workers and the implementation of an incentive-based pay system and a participative approach to decision-making. When the proposed schemes do not yield desired results, Ted realizes that Manuel did not fire five of the w orkers that should have been dismissed, and as a result of the differences in the labor laws of Mexico and US, the workers that were dismissed would be entitled to a severance pay. Feeling frustrated, Ted contemplates his future at the company and thinks that perhaps his criticisms of Mexican culture were indeed valid. 2. Discussion Questions 2.1 What mistakes did Ted make in his management of SterMexicana? The most fundamental mistake that Ted made in his management of SterMexicana is related with his convenient assumption and misguided belief that falsely led him to believe that his managerial expertise would transfer successfully to Mexico without the emergence of any significant issues. Therefore, during his time as the plant manager of the firm, Ted failed to acknowledge the cultural dimension of management in the formulation of appropriate strategies to address business problems, in his dealings with the company’s suppliers, and also in the decision-making process. For example, when Manuel showed interest in introducing Ted to the culture of Mexico, his reluctance in doing so was evident by his impatience to discuss more significant matters that were related to the business. By refusing to understand the dimensions of the country’s national culture, Ted ultimately developed recommendations and strategies which could not yield ideal results for the business. This observation corresponds with the analysis of Newman and Nollen who state that the financial performance of an organization is dependent upon the extent to which the management practices of a firm are in congruence with the national culture (753). When Ted did not demonstrate an interest in Manuel’s discussions of Mexican culture he was in fact ignoring valuable information that could have helped him in achieving his goals and formulating strategies for reducing SterMexicana’s labor costs. As suggested by Marchese in comparison with a highly individualistic U.S culture, the culture of Mexico is characterized by the presence of collectivism which is an aspect that emphasizes upon the significance of maintaining and valuing social relationships as members of a group (131). Ted’s implementation of a flexible working hours plan contradicted with this element of Mexico’

HW 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HW 2 - Essay Example Finally, Palestine $6.641 billion, Mauritania$4.183 billion, Somalia $2.372 billion, Djibouti $1.459 billion and Comoros $658 million. The GDP per Capita is equal to $7,364.37 (2668.78billion/362,390,776). France has a GDP per Capita of $35,700 which is almost five times as much as that of the Arab League members. Germany’s GDP per Capita is $39,500 which is more than five times that of the League Members. That of USA is seven times the League’s GDP per Capita at $52,800 while that of Japan is $37,100, and Israel’s is $36,200 both approximately five time the League GDP per Capita. In conclusion, there are disparities in the GDP of the different countries in the Arab League for example Saudi Arabia has the highest GDP at $718.5 billion, and the Comoros has the least at $658 million resulting to a difference of approximately 718 billion. This explains the low GDP per Capita in the League despite different countries like United Arab Emirates having high GDP per

Effective literacy instruction for english learners Essay

Effective literacy instruction for english learners - Essay Example Depending on the needs of the students, instructors can select which recommendation can be used in order to teach English in the most effective way possible. The increase of immigrants in the country also increased the number of students whose first language is not English. Thus is the increase in number of English language learners (ELL’s), or students that must also learn English, aside from learning the K-5 curricula. However, because English is the main language of instruction in schools, ELL’s lag behind in terms of their reading proficiency and in turn, their academics (US Department of Education, n.d.). This called for the Department of Education to create recommendations in order to effectively teach English to ELL’s in an effective way (Gersten, Baker, Shanahan, Linan-Thompson, Collins, & Scarcella, 2007). By the use of such recommendations it is expected that not only can ELL’s learn English properly, but also able to keep their learning pace at par to English speakers as well. Among the five recommendations listed in the guide, the most effective ways to teach English as a second language would be the combination of three: the screening for reading problems and monitoring progress; intensive small-group reading interventions; and regular peer-assisted learning opportunities. First, the importance of screening of problems at the beginning would help instructors focus on what the student needs to learn, since this would be the foundation for higher skills (US Department of Education, n.d.). Second, grouping students based on their or their language skill level would not only create a feeling of empathy for one another, but also they could learn from each other in the process. They can also build teamwork since they would be sharing tasks and working together in order to understand the language a lot better. Third, similar to the second one except grouping the students according to their ethnicity or based on similarities

Two Kinds by Amy Tan Essay

Two Kinds by Amy Tan Essay Amy Tans Two Kinds is a short story about the relationship between a Chinese-American mother and her American daughter. Two Kinds is a chapter from Tans book, The Joy Luck Club, which is made up of sixteen stories about Tan growing up in America with a mother from ancient Chinese customs (Tan, 189). In this chapter, Tan describes her childhood not with emphasis on cultural differences, but as a girl trying to find herself all the while in constant conflict with her Chinese-American mothers desire for her to become extraordinary. Further research reveals to the reader that Daisy, Amy Tans mother, is her influence for writing. Daisy a child-survivor of Nanjing came to America in 1949 at the age of 18 leaving behind three daughters to escape communism and abuse (unknown, 2010). Daisy raised Tan as a Chinese mother with Chinese customs is expected to by using harsh words of warning to motivate greatness. Tans exposition of the story appears in the beginning with you could phrases that introduce the reader to the mother. You could open a restaurant. You could become instantly famous. You can be best anything (Tan, Two Kinds, 2012, p. 336). The reader is intrigued in the first three paragraphs as it is clear this mother, the static character throughout this story, expects no less than excellence. The first person narrator is the dynamic character of this story, Jing-mei. She is also the protagonist in an ongoing struggle for independence with her mother who is the antagonist. Jing-mei struggles to find who she is. At first, she convinces herself that if she hurries, she can fulfill her mothers expectations and would soon become perfect (Tan, Two Kinds, 2012, p. 336). However, the child-narrator in her coming-of-age attitude sets the tone for the battle-of-wills when she thinks the mother is beginning to give up hope (337). Jing-mei continues this battle determined not to try (p. 338) and determined to put a stop to her foolish pride (p. 339). The mother-daughter climatic moment occurs when Jing-mei selfishly yells You want me to be someone that Im not (p. 339). Tan allows the mother to invoke her position in the relationship with her reply of Only two kinds of daughters. Those who are obedient and those who follow their own mind! Only one kind of daughter can live in this hou se. Obedient daughter (p.339). Tan increases the mother-daughter conflict using dramatic visualization as Jing-mei repeatedly defies the mothers with the use of words like disappointed, failed expectations, I had been sent to hell and I wish I were dead (Tan, Two Kinds, 2012, pp. pp. 337-339). The mothers comments to her daughter because you not trying (p. 337) and only ask you be your best (p. 337) poses a dilemma for the reader of whether to feel sympathy for the mother or daughter. What the daughter perceives as being an unsatisfied and disappointed mother is Tans use of situational irony. It is not until the end of this short story that the daughter realizes that her mother was not controlling or demanding for the sake of Chinese custom, but was only exhibiting a mothers enduring hope that her daughter would be someone great. Tan affirms this near the end as the mother reminds her thirty year-old daughter you could been genius if you want to (Tan, Two Kinds, 2012, p. 340). The pivotal moment of the story occurs in the last paragraph as the daughter for the first time notices the music pieces she rehearsed as a child (Tan, Two Kinds, 2012, p. 340). Tan dramatizes the irony further when Jing-mei, after the death of her mother, notices the two songs on the piano, Pleading Child (p. 340) and Perfectly Contented (p. 340) that are symbolic of the daughters growth from a child to an adult. She realizes the pieces were two halves of the same song (p. 340) just as she and her mother were. As the mothers character was seemingly over-bearing, she and her mother wanted the same thing; both wanted the best in life for Jing-mei. Tans chronological organization of the story allowed the reader to see the conflicts emerge and resolve as Jing-mei grew into an adult. This story was not about the cultural differences between Chinese and Americans as one might expect, but more about a mother-daughter relationship. Tan writes because it is about the meaning of my life (Tan, NEA Big Read: Meet Amy Tan, 2010). When we read this story as a chapter in The Joy Luck Club, Two Kinds completes Tans collection of stories that are about hope and the way she looked at the world (2010). I liked this story because I connected with Jing-mei at first and felt sorry for her. However, half way through the story, I began to feel sad for the mother after Jing-mei began behaving selfishly and defiantly by not trying. As short as the story was, it created a momentary emotional struggle for me. At first I could not understand why the mother would force a child into extracurricular activities of which she had no interest. I thought perhaps the mother, given Amy Tans real mothers tragic history, was living vicariously through her daughter. Later, as a mother of three daughters, I began to see why the mother was trying to convince her child to do something great. It was because she wanted her daughter to be no less than perfect. The story did not change my perspective on mother-daughter relationships because all mothers raising daughters have unique coming-of-age stories. I did stop and reflect upon my own mother and my childhood with her as we had our growing pains. I was adopt ed and my mother was very much like Amy Tans trying to make every perfect. Tan writes brilliantly with passion and I am a newly committed fan. I would not change a thing in this story.

Ideology in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Minister’s Black Veil Essay

Ideology in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Minister’s Black Veil Bennett and Royle in their textbook, Introduction to Literature, Criticism and Theory, define ideology as representing â€Å"†¦ ‘the imaginary relationship of individuals to their real conditions of existence’† (161). The ideology of self, of personal identity, is represented by a person’s perception of what is acceptable in their society. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, The Minister’s Black Veil, the minister appears before his community with a black veil covering his face. He gives no explanation for this apparel and the community becomes agitated that their minister refuses to remove it. The readers challenge is to discover why the minister wears the veil and why he won’t take it off. Hawthorne challenges the readers ideology of self with his choice of words, by showing how ideology is redefined by each subject, and by using as his form the technique of the parable. The parishioners expectations are shattered by the appearance of their beloved minister wearing a black veil over his face. Children, with bright faces, tripped merrily beside their parents, or mimicked in graver gait, in the conscious dignity of their Sunday clothes. Spruce bachelors looked sidelong at the pretty maidens, and fancied that the Sabbath sunshine made them prettier than on weekdays (Hawthorne 1) These expectations are portrayed by the way the story begins. Hawthorne uses words that suggest happiness; â€Å"bright† â€Å"merrily† â€Å"pretty† â€Å"fancied† and â€Å"sunshine†. But this ‘happiness’ vanishes with the appearance of the minister. The expectations of what is socially acceptable are challenged by the appearance of the black veil. â€Å"But what has good Parson Hooper got upon his face?† c... ...o understand the parable. A parable is used to explain something that is unexplainable and cannot be explained if the reader does not understand it. The reader is in constant danger throughout the reading of having his ideology of self shattered by the very real possibility that he won’t ‘get it’. The entire story is as obscure and shaky as ideology itself. Hawthorne’s choice of words throughout the story set up the reader for a continual bombardment of his/her ideology of self and societal expectations. Works Cited Bennett, Andrew and Nicholas Royle. Introduction to Literature, Criticism and Theory. 2nd Edition. New York: Prentice Hall, 1999. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†. Crown College. Accessed 27 Aug 2003. http://www.crown.edu/humanities/ratledgw/ENG%20132/stories/ veilhawt.htm> Miriam Webster Dictionary. Accessed 27 Aug 2003.

Animal Farm: a Story Based on Communism

The novel â€Å"Animal Farm† is a story based on communism, and revolves around the Russian revolution and the Soviet Union, showing this by the animal’s feelings, emotions and actions of communism eventually becoming corrupt. The novel is written by George Orwell and is told by a narrator in third person, and shows how communism operates and reflects upon the characters. The main characters in Animal Farm would make a list of: Napoleon (the big fat pig), Old Major (the boar), Snowball (Napoleon’s best friend, the white pig), Squealer (Napoleon’s side kick, the pig), boxer (the horse) and Benjamin (the donkey) as the rest being pigs and sheep etc.Napoleon would be the perfect specimen for being the key character to reveal George Orwell’s important warning or theme, which is that power, corrupts. Old major, gathers the animals of the Manor Farm for a meeting in the big barn. He tells them of a dream he has had in which all animals live together with no human beings to oppress or control them. He tells the animals that they must work toward such a paradise, and teaches them a song called â€Å"Beasts of England,† in which his dream vision is lyrically described. The animals greet Major’s vision with great enthusiasm.When he dies only three nights after the meeting, three younger pigs, Snowball, Napoleon, and Squealer, formulate his key principles into a philosophy called Animalism. Belatedly one night, the animals manage to overpower the farmer Mr. Jones in a battle, virtually forcing him to leave. They rename the property Animal Farm from Manor Farm and dedicate themselves to achieving Major’s dream. The carthorse Boxer devotes himself to the cause with particular fanaticism, committing his great strength to the success of the farm and adopting as a delicate maxim the support â€Å"I will work harder. Originally, Animal Farm prospers. Snowball is ever so determine to teach the animals to read, and Napoleon is the head of a group of youthful puppies to educate them in the ethics of Animalism. When Mr Jones shows unannounced to fight back for his farm, the animals defeat him once again, in what comes to be known as the Battle of the Cowshed, and take the farmer’s abandoned gun as a token of their victory. As time leads on, nevertheless, Napoleon and Snowball gradually hedge over the future of the farm, and they commence to find it hard with each other for power and influence amid the farm.Snowball concocts a scheme to build an electricity-generating windmill, except Napoleon firmly opposes the plan. When the meeting aroused for the vote on whether to take up the task, Snowball astounds everyone one with his speech. Even though Napoleon gives only a brief rejoin, he suddenly made a strange noise, and nine attack dogs, the puppies that Napoleon had confiscated in order to â€Å"educate†, rupture into the barn and hound Snowball from the farm. Napoleon ends up assuming leade rship of Animal Farm while declaring to that will be the end for any meeting.From there on, he asserts, the pigs alone will make the decisions now onwards for the good of everyone. Napoleon ends up shifting his mind about the windmill and especially Boxer, and of course with all the animals going along with it, to devote their efforts to completing it. The windmill ended up falling down from a storm. The human farmers in the area thought that the animals made the walls too thin, due to the end result. Napoleon claims that Snowball came back to sabotage the windmill.He stages a great wash out during which animals who allegedly participates in Snowball’s great plan. In other words any animal who opposes Napoleon’s uncontested leadership, convene direct death at the teeth of the attack dogs. With his leadership not answered (Boxer has taken up a second maxim, Napoleon always being correct. Napoleon begins growing his powers, rewriting history to make Snowball a villain. N apoleon begins to act more like a human being, sleeping in a bed, drinking whisky, and engaging in trade farmers.The initial Animalist principles exactly forbade such activities, but Squealer, Napoleon’s propagandist, justifies the actions to the others, whilst convincing that Napoleon is a handy leader and makes everything better for everyone, despite the fact that the common animals are cold, hungry, and pushed too far. A neighboring farmer called Mr Frederick scams some timber and then attacks the farm and dynamites the windmill, in saying that the repair was expensive.After the demolition of the windmill, a slanting battle, when boxer cops major wounds. The animals rout the farmers, but Boxer’s injuries weakened him. When he falls whilst working on the windmill. All of a sudden, Boxer is nowhere to be found. According to Squealer, Boxer is in peace after being taken to the hospital, admiring the Rebellion with Boxers very last breath. In realism, Napoleon has sold his most loyal and long suffering worker to a glue maker in order to earn money for whisky.As time passes on the farm, the pigs become and eventually act like human beings likewise, walking upright, carrying whips, and wearing clothes. In the long run, the seven principles of Animalism, known as the Seven Commandments and decorated on the side of the barn, ends up being reduced to a single principle reading, â€Å"all animals are equal, but some are more equal than others†. Napoleon entertains a human farmer named Mr. Pilkington at a dinner and declares his intent to ally himself with the human farmers against the laboring classes of both the human and animal communities.Eventually Animal Farm is returned to the name being Manor Farm, claiming that Manor Farm is correct. Looking through the farmhouse window, the common animals can no longer figure for who are the pigs or the human beings. Animal Farm is mainly famous in the West as a stinging critique of the history and rheto ric of the Russian Revolution. Retelling the story of the emergence and development of Soviet communism in the form of an animal fable.